Traveling waves conducted as stereotypical action potentials are energy consuming44. Therefore action potentials dissipate with time and annihilate upon collision4. Electrical solitons dissipate, but because of microstructure and the resultant distribution of charge ‘soakage’, the dissipative energy was shown to be conserved. Furthermore, electrical solitons did not annihilate upon collision because unlike action potentials with the refractory period, the electrotonic signals are maintained by the flux associated with the polarization current flowing through the miscrostructure. Therefore, the model possess attributes like stability and elastic interaction upon head-on collision that differ significantly from stereotypical action potentials attributed to CATV splitter the gating currents through the plasma membrane, including unstable pulses serving as threshold conditions for igniting these stereotypical action potentials45.

What might be the function of electrotonic signals propagating along fine distal branchlets? Electrotonic signals without recovery are suitable in transmitting information through physical interaction of electrical charges held by microstructure and not synaptic inputs46. The stable non-decremented electrotonic signals originating in branchlets could play a functional role in heterosynaptic plasticity. Also electrical solitons conserve energy and so they can decode local information permanently. The stable dynamics of electrotonic signals provide a mechanistic explanation to retrieve long-term memories47. Our view is that backpropagating action potentials48 are unencumbered by solitonic conduction for the reason that they become erratic and CATV splitter unpredictable prone to propagation failures at diameters smaller than 0.5 μm49. Based on the permanence of these electrical solitons, it is unlikely that backpropagating action potentials are involved in higher brain functions such as in conceptual tasks. While for those action potentials that are initiated in thin dendrites (see ref. 50 for a review) we propose two specialized interdependent signals in local information processing: (1) dendritic spikes for encoding/imprinting information and (2) solitons for decoding/retrieval information in distal most dendrites of cortical neurons.