Sterilizers
If a school-based dental sealant program decides to use reusable instruments, the program should use only sterilizers manufactured for medical or dental instruments and supplies to ensure proper sterilization. These can be acquired from dental-equipment suppliers. Different types of sterilizers are available: steam under pressure (also called dental autoclave sterilizer) and dry heat.

Steam-under-pressure sterilizers
Steam-under-pressure sterilizers allow for the sterilization of a wide range of materials. Temperature, pressure, and time are the main factors in this process. The higher the temperature, the greater the pressure, and the shorter the sterilization cycle. There are two basic types of steam sterilizers—gravity displacement and pre- and post-vacuum.

Dry-heat sterilizers
Dry-heat sterilizers employ high temperatures to destroy microorganisms. These sterilizers are considered effective and safe for metal instruments because the process does not cause rust or corrosion. There are two kinds of dry heat sterilizers: (1) the traditional “toaster oven” style, which take 1 hour to sterilize instruments, and (2) the COX Dry Heat Sterilizer, which can sterilize instruments in 6 minutes.

Ultrasonic Cleaners
All dental instruments should be decontaminated before they are sterilized. The ultrasonic cleaner is an effective tool for removing blood, saliva, and debris from dental materials before sterilization. Size, weight, and cost are all considerations in selecting an ultrasonic cleaner.

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